{"id":6026,"date":"2022-11-24T15:30:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-24T15:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/?p=4479"},"modified":"2025-05-07T15:39:19","modified_gmt":"2025-05-07T14:39:19","slug":"marketing-models","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/digital-marketing-strategy\/online-business-revenue-models\/marketing-models\/","title":{"rendered":"Marketing models that have stood the test of time"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>What do you think is the best, i.e. most useful marketing model?<\/h2>\n<p>You may have noticed we're fans of using practical models as tools to support marketing strategy development. We believe a clear, simple model gives us a framework to assess how we're doing things now compared to our competitors and plan growth strategies for the future. They're also great for communicating the purpose and reason behind a strategy you are pursuing.<\/p>\n<p>But there's a problem - over the years, the number of marketing frameworks available has increased. Some are academic, based only on theory, but have no \"real world\" credentials. Whereas others have been developed with no consideration of universal marketing strategy and planning fundamentals.<\/p>\n<p>So many marketing models have been developed over the years that it can be overwhelming to know what to use and when. That's where our RACE Growth System could help you.<\/p>\n<p>Our RACE Growth System is our easy-to-use, easy-to-follow, strategic marketing framework that's been proven to get results. Our practical, data-driven, marketing framework empowers marketers and business owners to use customer insights and analysis to prioritize marketing strategies for rapid growth. You can download our free template to learn more about the RACE model.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div class='postauthor si-guide-block'>\n                <div class='col-md-2 col-sm-12 si-icon-holder'>\n                    <a target='_blank' href='https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/guides\/digital-marketing-plan-template\/'>\n                  <img src='https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/Digital-marketing-planning-template-guide-cover-creator-pdf-106x150.jpg' alt='Free digital marketing plan template'>\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class='col-md-10 col-sm-12'>\n                    <p><strong>Free digital marketing plan template<\/strong><\/p>\n                    <p>Our popular marketing planning template is structured across the Smart Insights RACE Framework. Join Smart Insights as a Free Member to download our digital marketing plan template today<\/p>\n                    <p>Access the <a target='_blank' href='https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/guides\/digital-marketing-plan-template\/'>Free digital marketing plan template<\/a><\/p>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Which are the most popular marketing models?<\/h3>\n<p>Since I'm a digital marketer, I have my own views on the relevance of these, indeed in my books, I have often included them. In fact, most are included in my <em>Digital Marketing: Strategy, Implementation and Practice<\/em> book.<\/p>\n<p>Our top 12 marketing models<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The RACE Framework<\/li>\n<li>7 Ps of Marketing<\/li>\n<li>USP<\/li>\n<li>BCG Matrix<\/li>\n<li>Brand Positioning Map<\/li>\n<li>Customer Lifetime Value<\/li>\n<li>Growth Strategy Matrix<\/li>\n<li>Loyalty Ladder<\/li>\n<li>PESTLE<\/li>\n<li>Porter's 5 Forces<\/li>\n<li>Segmentation Targeting Positioning<\/li>\n<li>SOSTAC<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>1. The RACE Framework<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Our RACE Framework is a popular marketing framework created in 2010 for Startups, SMEs, and international corporations, since it can scale up or down according to your short-term and long-term objectives. It was designed to work as both a marketing framework and digital marketing framework - read this article to learn more about what these frameworks need to contain.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Race-Planning-Framework.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-164322 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Race-Planning-Framework.png\" alt=\"Race Planning Framework\" width=\"2701\" height=\"1876\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Race-Planning-Framework.png 2701w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Race-Planning-Framework-550x382.png 550w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Race-Planning-Framework-700x486.png 700w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Race-Planning-Framework-150x104.png 150w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Race-Planning-Framework-768x533.png 768w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Race-Planning-Framework-1536x1067.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Race-Planning-Framework-2048x1422.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Race-Planning-Framework-250x174.png 250w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2701px) 100vw, 2701px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marketers find it useful to use RACE to structure their marketing strategies, since the framework guides marketers through each funnel stage of planning, reaching, acting, converting, and engaging. For discussion of the advantages and disadvantates of using linear funnel-based model see Dave Chaffey's more recent article on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/digital-marketing-strategy\/digital-marketing-marketing-framework\/\">best marketing frameworks<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Smart Insights Free Members can also download an editable <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/guides\/digital-marketing-plan-template\/\">digital marketing plan template<\/a> featuring our popular <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/insights\/create-your-90-day-plan-with-the-race-growth-system\/\">RACE Growth System<\/a>, a simple structure to put your plans into place using our Opportunity &gt; Strategy &gt; Action model to identify marketing activities for growth at each stage of the funnel.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div class='postauthor si-guide-block'>\n                <div class='col-md-2 col-sm-12 si-icon-holder'>\n                    <a target='_blank' href='https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/guides\/digital-marketing-plan-template\/'>\n                  <img src='https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/Digital-marketing-planning-template-guide-cover-creator-pdf-106x150.jpg' alt='Free digital marketing plan template'>\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class='col-md-10 col-sm-12'>\n                    <p><strong>Free digital marketing plan template<\/strong><\/p>\n                    <p>Our popular marketing planning template is structured across the Smart Insights RACE Framework. Join Smart Insights as a Free Member to download our digital marketing plan template today<\/p>\n                    <p>Access the <a target='_blank' href='https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/guides\/digital-marketing-plan-template\/'>Free digital marketing plan template<\/a><\/p>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Hierarchy of response <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/traffic-building-strategy\/offer-and-message-development\/aida-model\/\">frameworks such as AIDA<\/a>, are often formed into funnel models to assist planning. The RACE framework is an example of a funnel model. Since these models are linear, they have been criticized for this, since commentators believe they are an oversimplification and don't reflect the non-linear nature of decision-making influenced by multiple digital channel touchpoints.<\/p>\n<p>Recently, BCG in their 2025 article, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bcg.com\/publications\/2025\/move-beyond-the-linear-funnel\">It\u2019s Time for Marketers to Move Beyond the Linear Funnel<\/a>, also asserted that we need to move beyond the linear marketing funnel model to what they called 'influence maps'. Read our article on alternative <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/digital-marketing-strategy\/digital-marketing-marketing-framework\/\">digital marketing and\u00a0 marketing frameworks<\/a> for further discussion.<\/p>\n<h3>2. 7 Ps of Marketing<\/h3>\n<p>The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/marketing-planning\/marketing-models\/how-to-use-the-7ps-marketing-mix\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">7P's of the Marketing mix model<\/a> are Product, Price, Place, Promotion, People, Process, and Physical evidence - these elements of the marketing mix form\u00a0the core tactical components of a marketing plan.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/marketing-mix-model-600x288.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-4484\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-4484\" title=\"marketing-mix-model\" src=\"http:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/marketing-mix-model-600x288.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"288\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>I think it's right this is at the start of the list since it's still widely used and I think is a simple way to think through how a company markets its products. A good model to explain marketing strategy to someone who isn't a marketer. But it suffers from a push mentality completely out-of-keeping with modern digital marketing approaches of listening to and engaging customers, such as through social media marketing.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>3. USP<\/h3>\n<p>Unique Selling Proposition is the concept that brands should make it clear to potential buyers why they are different and better than the competition.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>This is a simple concept and an essential message to communicate online since the core brand message often isn't clear. Digital websites need to define their <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/learning-modules\/define-digital-value-proposition\/\">digital value proposition<\/a> well.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>4. Boston Consulting Group Matrix<\/h3>\n<p>This well-known, essential MBA model categorizes products offered by a business in a portfolio based on their performance rating them as Stars, Cash Cows, Dogs, and Question Marks as below.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/marketing-planning\/marketing-models\/use-bcg-matrix\/attachment\/the-growth-share-matrix\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-31242 \" src=\"http:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/The-Growth-Share-matrix-600x646.png\" alt=\"The-Growth-Share-matrix\" width=\"381\" height=\"410\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/The-Growth-Share-matrix-600x646.png 600w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/The-Growth-Share-matrix-139x150.png 139w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/The-Growth-Share-matrix-550x592.png 550w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/The-Growth-Share-matrix-250x269.png 250w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/The-Growth-Share-matrix.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 381px) 100vw, 381px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>1. Dogs:<\/strong> These are products with low growth or market share.<\/li>\n<li><strong>2. Question marks or Problem Child:<\/strong> Products in high growth markets with low market share.<\/li>\n<li><strong>3. Stars:<\/strong> Products in high-growth markets with high market share.<\/li>\n<li><strong>4. Cash cows:<\/strong> Products in low growth markets with high market share<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p><em>I find this isn't so applicable in the online marketing world for small and medium businesses - it's more of a Big Business corporate strategy model.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>See Annmarie's post on the <a title=\"Boston Group Matrix\" href=\"http:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/marketing-planning\/marketing-models\/use-bcg-matrix\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BCG Matrix model<\/a>\u00a0for more details.<\/p>\n<h3>5. Brand positioning map<\/h3>\n<p>This model allows marketers to visualize a brand\u2019s relative position to competitors in the marketplace by plotting consumer perceptions of the brand and competitor brands against the attributes that drive purchase.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>This is a great concept for understanding how customers see a brand. I can't recall many descriptions of this being applied online. I have seen it used as part of user-testing though in comparing different websites?<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>The creation of an engaging online brand is so important to success in digital marketing, that's why we created our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/guides\/brand-positioning-template\/\">brand positioning template<\/a> for Business Members.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-32826 size-full\" style=\"border: 1px solid black;\" src=\"http:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/positioningmap.png\" alt=\"positioning map\" width=\"357\" height=\"421\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/positioningmap.png 357w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/positioningmap-127x150.png 127w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/positioningmap-250x294.png 250w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 357px) 100vw, 357px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h3>6. Customer Lifetime Value marketing models<\/h3>\n<p>Customer Lifetime Value is the concept used to assess what a customer is worth, based on the present value of future revenue attributed to a customer\u2019s relationship with a product.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/lifecycle-model-600x393.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-4481\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4481 size-medium\" title=\"lifecycle-model\" src=\"http:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/lifecycle-model-600x393.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"393\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>A different class of models to others, this is more of calculation model - covered in Chapter 6 of my Internet Marketing Book. CLV is mainly important online for transactional sites and certainly investment decisions like allowable cost per acquisition (CPA) must be taken with future customer purchases and attrition rates considered.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>7. Growth strategy matrix<\/h3>\n<p>The\u00a0<a title=\"Ansoff Matrix\" href=\"http:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/marketing-planning\/create-a-marketing-plan\/ansoff-model\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ansoff model<\/a> is a matrix that can be used to identify alternative growth strategies by looking at present and potential products in current and future markets. The four growth strategies are market penetration, market development, product development, and diversification.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/digital-marketing-strategy\/online-business-revenue-models\/marketing-models\/attachment\/ansoff-matrix-model-applied-digital-marketing\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-65313 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/ansoff-matrix-model-applied-digital-marketing.png\" alt=\"Ansoff matrix model applied to digital marketing\" width=\"600\" height=\"541\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/ansoff-matrix-model-applied-digital-marketing.png 600w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/ansoff-matrix-model-applied-digital-marketing-150x135.png 150w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/ansoff-matrix-model-applied-digital-marketing-550x496.png 550w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/ansoff-matrix-model-applied-digital-marketing-250x225.png 250w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/ansoff-matrix-model-applied-digital-marketing-100x90.png 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>Ansoff's model dates back to the 1960s, but I still cover it in the books to show how companies should \"think out of the box\" with new opportunities for their digital strategies by considering new opportunities for market and product development rather than simply market penetration which misses the opportunities of digital marketing for me.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>8. Loyalty ladder marketing models<\/h3>\n<p>Loyalty models show the steps a person takes before becoming loyal to a brand as they move through the stages of prospect, customer, client, supporter, and advocate. There are a number of different loyalty models, taking slightly different forms, but the key element of loyalty ladders is the demonstration of the value of engaging and retaining current customers.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>Loyalty models are useful as a way of thinking through the opportunities to generate lifetime value.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Loyalty ladders are due credit for their focus on the customer journey before and after their first purchase. Our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/ecommerce\/web-personalisation\/what-is-lifecycle-marketing\/\">customer lifecycle model<\/a> charts the customer experience across each stage of RACE: Reach &gt; Act &gt; Convert &gt; Engage.<\/p>\n<p>As you can see, engagement activity helps move lapsed customers back through the cycle to repeat purchases.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Lifecycle-Diagram-Paid-earned-Owned-media-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-163410 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Lifecycle-Diagram-Paid-earned-Owned-media-1.png\" alt=\"Lifecycle Diagram - Paid earned Owned media\" width=\"2437\" height=\"1286\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Lifecycle-Diagram-Paid-earned-Owned-media-1.png 2437w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Lifecycle-Diagram-Paid-earned-Owned-media-1-550x290.png 550w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Lifecycle-Diagram-Paid-earned-Owned-media-1-700x369.png 700w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Lifecycle-Diagram-Paid-earned-Owned-media-1-150x79.png 150w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Lifecycle-Diagram-Paid-earned-Owned-media-1-768x405.png 768w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Lifecycle-Diagram-Paid-earned-Owned-media-1-1536x811.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Lifecycle-Diagram-Paid-earned-Owned-media-1-2048x1081.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Lifecycle-Diagram-Paid-earned-Owned-media-1-250x132.png 250w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2437px) 100vw, 2437px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>If you're looking to perfect your customers' experiences of your brand, our RACE Growth System has a step-by-step checklist to help you plan, manage, and optimize the right marketing activities to engage, convert and reach new customers.<\/p>\n<p>Through RACE, you'll set goals, prioritize strategies, and optimize the marketing models and techniques you need to achieve growth.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div class='postauthor si-guide-block'>\n                <div class='col-md-2 col-sm-12 si-icon-holder'>\n                    <a target='_blank' href='https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/guides\/digital-marketing-plan-template\/'>\n                  <img src='https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/Digital-marketing-planning-template-guide-cover-creator-pdf-106x150.jpg' alt='Free digital marketing plan template'>\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class='col-md-10 col-sm-12'>\n                    <p><strong>Free digital marketing plan template<\/strong><\/p>\n                    <p>Our popular marketing planning template is structured across the Smart Insights RACE Framework. Join Smart Insights as a Free Member to download our digital marketing plan template today<\/p>\n                    <p>Access the <a target='_blank' href='https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/guides\/digital-marketing-plan-template\/'>Free digital marketing plan template<\/a><\/p>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<h3>9. PESTLE<\/h3>\n<p>As an extension of the traditional PEST model, this analysis framework is used to assess the impact of macro-environmental factors on a product or brand - political, economical, social, technological, legal, and economic.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>TBH PESTLE\/PEST\/DEEPLIST make me groan - to me they're a text book approach which is far removed from improving results. I find students tend to review these in-depth at the expense of creating innovative strategies.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>However, PESTLE is still widely taught and Annmarie Hanlon is a fan so to explain it's value to me and others she has this in-depth post on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/marketing-planning\/marketing-models\/pestle-analysis-model\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">how to use the PEST or PESTLE model<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>10. Porter\u2019s Five Forces<\/h3>\n<p>The<a title=\"porters 5 forces\" href=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/online-brand-strategy\/brand-development\/how-to-use-porters-5-forces-model\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u00a0Five forces in Porter's model<\/a> are Rivalry, Supplier power, Threat of substitutes, Buyer power, and Barriers to entry and are used to analyze the industry context in which the organization operates.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>Yes this one features in my books and I reference a classic 2001 paper by Porter on applying the Five Forces to the Internet. But, I personally think it has limited practical value - yes we know customers have more bargaining power online. So what?! I also think it under-represents the power of intermediaries like comparison sites and publishers in the online world.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>11. Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning<\/h3>\n<p>This<a title=\"Segmentation, targeting and positioning\" href=\"http:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/digital-marketing-strategy\/customer-segmentation-targeting\/segmentation-targeting-positioning-model\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> three-stage STP process<\/a> involves analyzing which distinct customer groups exist and which segment the product best suits before implementing the communications strategy tailored for the chosen target group.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/digital-marketing-strategy\/online-business-revenue-models\/marketing-models\/attachment\/segmentation-targeting-positioning-stp-model\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-65329 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Segmentation-Targeting-Positioning-STP-model.png\" alt=\"Segmentation Targeting Positioning STP model\" width=\"600\" height=\"495\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Segmentation-Targeting-Positioning-STP-model.png 600w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Segmentation-Targeting-Positioning-STP-model-150x124.png 150w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Segmentation-Targeting-Positioning-STP-model-550x454.png 550w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Segmentation-Targeting-Positioning-STP-model-250x206.png 250w, https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Segmentation-Targeting-Positioning-STP-model-100x83.png 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>As a model which is focused on delivering relevant products, services and communications to the customer and so generating value for an organisation, this is essential for every marketer to understand and apply in practice.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>12. PR Smith's SOSTAC\u00ae model<\/h3>\n<p>This acronym stands for Situation, Objectives, Strategy, Tactics, Actions, Control and is a framework used when creating marketing plans.<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-4480\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-4480\" title=\"sostac-model\" src=\"http:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/sostac-model-600x458.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"458\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>I'm a big fan of using PR Smith's\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.prsmith.org\/sostac\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SOSTAC<\/a>\u00ae\u00a0model as a way of planning and implementing strategies. It features in all my books and I know Paul Smith, who created it\u00a0well - he's my co-author on Emarketing Excellence.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"s1\">PR Smith (2011)\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/The-SOSTAC%C2%AE-Guide-writing-ebook\/dp\/B0063GDKMA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"s2\"><i>The SOSTAC\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00ae<\/span><span class=\"s2\"><i>\u00a0\u00a0Guide - to writing the perfect plan<\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/span><span class=\"s4\"><i>\u00a0<\/i>by PR Smith (2011),\u00a0 published by\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.prsmith.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.prsmith.org<\/a>\u00a0and available at\u00a0<span class=\"s5\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/The-SOSTAC%C2%AE-Guide-writing-perfect-ebook\/dp\/B0063GDKMA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Amazon<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>PR Smith (2020)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/SOSTAC-Guide-Perfect-Digital-Marketing\/dp\/0956106862\/ref=pd_sbs_14_1\/259-6857037-2105807?_encoding=UTF8&amp;pd_rd_i=0956106862&amp;pd_rd_r=9bbeef17-9db3-458e-ae9b-4fe14840ce83&amp;pd_rd_w=uXanM&amp;pd_rd_wg=CPboe&amp;pf_rd_p=2773aa8e-42c5-4dbe-bda8-5cdf226aa078&amp;pf_rd_r=CN4W0JWTT191B6TGZ084&amp;psc=1&amp;refRID=CN4W0JWTT191B6TGZ084\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/SOSTAC-Guide-Perfect-Digital-Marketing\/dp\/0956106862\/ref%3Dpd_sbs_14_1\/259-6857037-2105807?_encoding%3DUTF8%26pd_rd_i%3D0956106862%26pd_rd_r%3D9bbeef17-9db3-458e-ae9b-4fe14840ce83%26pd_rd_w%3DuXanM%26pd_rd_wg%3DCPboe%26pf_rd_p%3D2773aa8e-42c5-4dbe-bda8-5cdf226aa078%26pf_rd_r%3DCN4W0JWTT191B6TGZ084%26psc%3D1%26refRID%3DCN4W0JWTT191B6TGZ084&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1595265757772000&amp;usg=AFQjCNFJpKtQ26HnHGdF38DqoJk49vFW4Q\">SOSTAC\u00ae\u00a0Guide to your Perfect Digital Marketing Plan<\/a>, Amazon.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, I wanted to thank the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cim.co.uk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Chartered Institute of Marketing<\/a>\u00a0who prompted the idea for this post when they were celebrating their centenary and they ran voting around different models. \u00a0It also prompted the idea for a free guide to help explain the value of models for planning.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"marketing-models\" src=\"http:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/marketing-models1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"281\" height=\"893\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What do you think is the best, i.e. most useful marketing model? You may have noticed we&#8217;re fans of using practical models as tools to support marketing strategy development. We believe a clear, simple model gives us a framework to &hellip;..<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":154767,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_glsr_average":0,"_glsr_ranking":0,"_glsr_reviews":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[334],"tags":[1232],"class_list":["post-6026","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-online-business-revenue-models","tag-digital-marketing-models","srace-plan"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Marketing models that have stood the test of time [Free guide]<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A review of 12 classic marketing models for marketing and digital marketing planning. Download our free marketing model guide.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/digital-marketing-strategy\/online-business-revenue-models\/marketing-models\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Marketing models that have stood the test of time [Free guide]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A review of 12 classic marketing models for marketing and digital marketing planning. Download our free marketing model guide.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/digital-marketing-strategy\/online-business-revenue-models\/marketing-models\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Smart Insights\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/smartinsights\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-11-24T15:30:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-05-07T14:39:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/marketing-mix-model-600x288-1.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"288\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dave Chaffey\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@smartinsights\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@smartinsights\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dave Chaffey\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"9 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/digital-marketing-strategy\/online-business-revenue-models\/marketing-models\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/digital-marketing-strategy\/online-business-revenue-models\/marketing-models\/\",\"name\":\"Marketing models that have stood the test of time [Free guide]\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/digital-marketing-strategy\/online-business-revenue-models\/marketing-models\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/digital-marketing-strategy\/online-business-revenue-models\/marketing-models\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/marketing-mix-model-600x288-1.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-11-24T15:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-07T14:39:19+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/#\/schema\/person\/74a42fdad62aae408107024fc3c01cb7\"},\"description\":\"A review of 12 classic marketing models for marketing and digital marketing planning. 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'Dr Dave' is known for his strategic, but practical, data-driven advice. He has trained and consulted with many business of all sizes in most sectors. These include large international B2B and B2C brands including 3M, BP, Barclaycard, Dell, Confused.com, HSBC, Mercedes-Benz, Microsoft, M&amp;G Investment, Rentokil Initial, O2, Royal Canin (Mars Group) plus many smaller businesses. Dave has contributed his expertise to many of the templates, guides and courses in our digital marketing resource library used by our Business members to plan, manage and optimize their marketing. Free members can access our free sample templates here. Dave is also keynote speaker, trainer and consultant who is author of 5 bestselling books on digital marketing including Digital Marketing Excellence and Digital Marketing: Strategy, Implementation and Practice. 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